PSYCHOLOGICAL COMPONENTS AND FACTORS OF EMOTIONAL STATES OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS

Abstract

The relevance of studying the emotional state of IDPs is due to the need to develop effective mechanisms for psychological support and social adaptation of displaced persons. The study of emotional reactions and psychological states of IDPs allows us to better understand the needs of this vulnerable category of the population and create appropriate assistance programs.

The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the factors and structure of emotional states of internally displaced persons in Ukraine and the development of recommendations for optimizing psychological assistance to this category of the population.

Methodology. The study used theoretical methods (analysis, generalization and systematization) and psychodiagnostic techniques: 1) Spielberger-Khanin Anxiety Scale (STAI); 2) Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II);3) Traumatic Stress Questionnaire (TSQ);4) Differential Diagnostic Methodology of Depressive States by V. Zunge (adapted by T. I. Balashova);5) Psychological Well-Being Scale Methodology by K. Riff (adapted by S. Karskanova).

Results. An empirical study of the emotional state of IDPs revealed a high level of anxiety in 65% of respondents, depressive moods in 41%, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in 28% of respondents. It was found that the intensity of negative emotional states depends on a number of factors: the duration of stay in IDP status, the presence of social support, financial situation, age, health status, and individual psychological characteristics.

Conclusions. It has been established that psychological reactions to displacement have a complex structure and include both negative (anxiety, fear, depression, anger) and positive (hope, relief, gratitude) emotional states. An important theoretical conclusion is the understanding of the dynamic nature of the emotional states of IDPs, which change in the process of adaptation to new living conditions. Recommendations have been developed for psychological support of IDPs, taking into account the specifics of their emotional state.